What is osteopathy?
Osteopathy is a holistic manual therapy that can have an impact on the bodies musculoskeletal system; that is the joints, muscles, ligaments, bones, tendons and fascia of the body.
A holistic approach not only looks at the physical body, actions and ergonomics, but also the mental emotional and social wellbeing.
Osteopaths treat various musculoskeletal complaints in all areas of the body including osteoarthritis, tendonitis, bursitis, muscle/joint strains, ligament sprains and more.
We can treat in various ways such as using soft tissue like massage therapists, mobilisation, strengthening and rehabilitation like physiotherapists, manipulation like chiropractors as well as more indirect osteopathic techniques.
What are the osteopathic principles:
- Structure governs function and function governs structure. This describes the importance of physical structure affecting and influencing the body’s function and vice versa.
- The rule of the artery is supreme. This describes the importance of the blood to the body’s functioning.
- The body can self-heal and regulate. This principle describes the inherent healing processes within the body.
- The body is a unit, the person is a unit of the body, mind and spirit.
What are some techniques we may use?
There are many techniques your osteopath may use in your treatment – typically in combination
Soft tissue:
While your osteopath is not a massage therapist and the whole treatment will not be soft tissue, they may work on the muscles to decrease tension through massage techniques. This is often done with oil or moisturiser, and we ask you let your therapist know of any particularly sore points.
Muscle Energy Technique:
The theory behind muscle energy techniques (MET’s) are that after contraction of as low as 10% strength the muscle once relaxed will be fully relaxed for 3-5 seconds. In this time the osteopath will take the muscle to its new point of “bind” or tension. This can also be done as proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) where more force (up to 90%) is used during muscle contraction.
Trigger Point Therapy:
Trigger point therapy (TrP) is the process of applying pressure to a point of muscle soreness and can be performed at any point in the body.
Manipulation:
Known as HVLA (high velocity low amplitude) manipulation can be used to return a joint to a neutral position if it is rotated or side bent. This is done in a controlled manor with proper explanation as to the technique and position. The theory behind this technique is that it is beneficial in resetting the sympathetic nervous system to increase/decrease output and encourage increased joint range of motion and muscle relaxation.
Other Modalities:
Some osteopaths may have undergone further training and be qualified to perform taping, cupping, needling and more. If your osteopath thinks it appropriate, they may apply some of these modalities during their treatment.
Indirect Techniques:
Sometimes the body may be in an acute condition with high levels of pain and will be flared if the direct techniques above are used. As such, osteopaths are taught indirect models of treatment such balance ligamentous tension (BLT), Balance Membranous Tension (BMT), Strain Counter Strain (SCS), Functional and Positional Release. These techniques aim to take the tissues into a position of ease where they are able to unwind and return to normal function.
Further Advice:
Osteopathy is not only about how we can help you, but also how you can help yourself through ergonomic and environmental changes.
During the consultation with your osteopath, they may ask you about factors that could be contributing to your issue such as sleeping posture, work posture, driving, work and leisure activities and exercise.
They may recommend changes to posture and exercise as well as prescribe you stretching or strengthening for specific points of issue.
References:
Better Health Channel. (2012). Osteopathy. Vic.gov.au. https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/osteopathy
Trigger Points. (2009). Physiopedia. https://www.physio-pedia.com/Trigger_Points
Licciardone, J. C., Schultz, M. J., & Amen, B. (2020). Osteopathic Manipulation in the Management of Chronic Pain: Current Perspectives. Journal of Pain Research, Volume 13, 1839–1847. https://doi.org/10.2147/jpr.s183170